Back when I was a young man, if I was driving and you tossed something out the widow, I'd latch onto the brakes, pull over to the shoulder, put it in park, climb out and walk back to pick it up, climb back in the car, and toss it in a bag/rear floorboard, etc. Never said a word, but I had no repeat offenders. Guess a little shame goes a long way.
I'm gettin' old now. I'd just pull over and give ya the choice of retrieving it or walking.
I think the fine now around here is two grand. Most chuckle heads don't know that the fine doubles if you toss something within 200' of a pond/lake/river/creek.